Metallurgy and its Principles


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Metallurgy and its Principles

METALLURGY: The process of extracting metals from their ores and refining them for use is known as metallurgy. In other words, the process of obtaining a metal from its ores is called metallurgy of the metal.

Principles of metallurgy: The extraction of a metal from its ore depends upon the reactivity of the metals.

  • Metals at the top of the activity series (K,Na,Ca,Mg,etc.) are highly reactive. They do not occur in the free state. They are extracted by the electrolysis of the molten ore.
  • Metals in the middle of the activity series (Zn,Fe,Pb,etc.)are moderately reactive. These are obtained by roasting and calcination of their sulphide or carbonate ore.
  • Metals at the bottom of the activity series (Au,Ag,Pt,Cu) being the least reactive are found in the free state. Copper and silver also occur as their sulphide or oxide ores. These are obtained by the process of roasting.
  • Sample Questions
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    Question : 1

    Which of the following are correct :

    (a) Metals like Potassium, Sodium, Calcium,etc. are highly reactive.

    (b) The process of extracting metals from their ores and refining them for use is known as metallurgy.

     

    Right Option : C
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    Question : 2

    Which of the following are correct:

    (a) Metals like gold, silver, platinum are least reactive.

    (b) Metals like Potassium, Sodium, Calcium,etc. are highly reactive.

    (c) Metals like zinc, lead, etc are moderately reactive.

    Right Option : D
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    Explanation
    Question : 3

    Metal at top being more reactive are found in ______ state

    Right Option : B
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